The final verdict by the International Court of Arbitration in Paris against Türkiye has further complicated the de facto controversial situation regarding the Kurdish oil exports since the creation in 1992 of the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG), both in Erbil, Ankara and Baghdad. as well as for foreign oil companies operating in the region. Now,
Russia and Ukraine signed an agreement with Türkiye under the United Nations auspices in Istanbul for the safe export of the grain and foodstuff waiting at the Ukrainian ports amid the ongoing war between the two countries, in an effort to ease the international food crisis stemming from the supply shortage. Two countries separately signed